“There is no answer if it is cancer”!  Is it really? It is not true. Nowadays, there are many treatments of cancer. And it is being discovered newly. Treatment is simple and the results are good if cancer is diagnosed at an early stage. Some cancers are fully healed through treatment. But cancer can penniless a family entirely. The family is in crisis mentally and financially. Therefore, the word cancer prevention is too much discussed around.

It is not too difficult to prevent cancer. However, some rules will be continued which are more difficult to observe. So everyone should try for not being ‘Cancer’. Several ways to prevent cancer are discussed below...

• Avoid tobacco materials

It is not good to smoke at all. As a result of smoking, cancer is occurs in lungs, kidney and bladder. Oral cancer and pancreatic cancer related to smoking. So, all kinds of tobacco products should be restricted. They made cancer. Smoking also linked with schizophrenia. 

• Make habits of healthier foods

Healthier Food reduces the chances of cancer. You should eat plenty of vegetables and fruits. You should eat more fiber foods. It is not good to eat a lot of fatty foods. Red meat such as beef and mutton is quite good to avoid. You should not drink wine. As a result of drinking wine may causes various cancers.

• Weight should be kept under control

Many cancers related to overweight. Overweight should be kept under control. Physical labor should be more. Regular exercise can help you maintain a healthyweight by burning fat and building muscle. The best time of the day to exercise for weight loss is the morning; the best time of the day to workout for building muscle is the afternoon. Exercise also can lower the risk of cancers of the colon and the breast. It also helps for weight loss too. By the way, everybody should exercise 30 minutes a day.

• Stay away from sunlight

You should stay away from the mid-day sun light and heat. Stay more time in the shady places. Umbrella can be used for this. More benefits you can get by using sun block cream. You should go out by covering most parts of the body.

• Take the vaccine

Hepatitis B vaccine is available and accessible everywhere. This is important to prevent liver cancer. Women are also affected by cervical cancer which is responsible for Human papillomavirus (HPV) and it is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Vaccine is available now.

• Abstain from risky behavior

Safe sex should be done. Hepatitis and AIDS is transmitted through sexual relations. Liver cirrhosis and later cancer is caused by long-term hepatitis. Those who have affected with AIDS, their risk of cancer are increased. Be very careful when using injection syringes. Hepatitis, including AIDS and many diseases can be spread by using unsafe syringes which may be cancer.

• Regular Check-ups

We do not want to go to the doctor easily. Go to the last stage utterly. It is not fair. Each year at least: once the body should be checked. The consequences are good if you can detect the disease earlier. Suffering is less. Treatment is easy. If we are aware, it is possible to reduce cancer rates more. A little awareness of all can be a lot better than nothing.

I hope everyone will be aware of this and must comply with the above rules.

Where the specs are kept, often do not remember. You have forgotten also phone call in any emergency . Even if you suddenly meet familiar someone, unable to remember that person name under this circumstance you are embarrassed.

A healthy bladder is a very important for everyone yet many people suffer with urinary infection. Almost few people regularly suffer from this problem. Urinary tract infection occurs only for women

Joint Pain

Milk is one of the best nutritious foods for healthy life. Experts have given information for those who do not drink milk because of no reason. A major study of this information

Young women report more stress than men soon after a heart attack, which may explain their worse recovery, according to a new study.

“It has been known for a while that (the) mortality rate is higher in younger women than in younger men after heart attack,” said lead author Xiao Xu, assistant professor of obstetrics, gynaecology and reproductive sciences at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut.

But few studies have looked at gender differences in other outcomes, Xu told Reuters Health by email.

“Women tend to experience greater stress than men, even in the general population regardless of heart attack status,” she said. “Our study confirmed such a gender difference in young and middle-aged patients with heart attack.”

The researchers compared 2,397 women and 1,175 men under age 55 who were hospitalised in the US, Spain or Australia with a heart attack. The severity of the heart attacks was similar for women and men.

While hospitalised, participants answered 14 questions about their recent stress levels. One month later, researchers re-interviewed them and assessed their recovery.

At the first interview, those who were younger and female tended to have higher stress scores than those who were older or male, the authors reported in a paper scheduled for publication in the journal Circulation.

On the 0- to 56-point stress scale, men averaged 23.4 points and women averaged 27 points.

A third of women had experienced major family conflict within the past year compared to 20 percent of men. More women than men also reported a major personal injury, illness or death of a family member over the past year.

Women tend to have lower financial resources than men and are often faced with more demands for family care, which may explain their higher stress, Xu said.

Women in the study also had more diabetes, lung disease, kidney problems, depression, cancer and previous heart problems.

At the one-month point, women had worse chest-pain related physical function, quality of life and overall health.

“We had known that women have worse health status after a heart attack for some time,” said Dr Suzanne V Arnold, a research assistant professor at the University of Missouri in Kansas City. “What we don't really understand is why.”

Arnold, who was not involved in the new study, noted that people who have more issues with their health and personal lives also experience more stress, and in this study, the women tended to have more of both.

Stress is associated with heart attack and even death, Arnold said.

“However, stress is associated with so many other things – including smoking, lack of exercise, comorbidities, etc – that are also strong risk factors for heart attack,” so stress was probably not the main cause of most of the heart attacks, she said.

After a heart attack, patients are often advised to adopt healthy lifestyles and receive therapies such as beta-blockers, but people under more stress may be less likely to comply, Xu said.

Stressed people are more likely to engage in smoking and drinking behaviours or have disruptions in their treatment regimen, she said.

“When caring for younger patients with heart attack, especially younger women patients, we should look beyond their physical health and pay attention to their psychosocial status as well,” Xu said.

“Although our study demonstrated a strong relationship between higher mental stress and worse recovery, we cannot make causal inferences,” she said. “We still need more research to understand the exact mechanisms through which mental stress operates to affect recovery.”

All heart attack patients, regardless of gender, should be screened for chronic stress, Arnold said.

“I think this research highlights again the importance of recognizing and addressing the level of perceived stress of heart attack patients,” she said.

“I don't think men or women should be treated differently, as any ‘intervention’ for stress would need to be customised for the individual patient and his or her psychosocial needs.”

Consuming a healthy diet throughout the life-course helps prevent malnutrition in all its forms as well as a range of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and conditions. But the increased production of processed food, rapid urbanisation and changing lifestyles have led to a shift in dietary patterns. People are consuming more foods high in energy, saturated fats, trans fats, free sugars or salt/sodium, and many do not eat enough fruit, vegetables and dietary fibre such as whole grains.

The exact make-up of a healthy, balanced diet will vary depending on the individual needs (e.g. age, gender, lifestyle, degree of physical activity).

For adults

A healthy diet contains:

    Fruits, vegetables, legumes (e.g. lentils, beans), nuts and whole grains (e.g. unprocessed maize, millet, oats, wheat, brown rice);

    At least 400 g (5 portions) of fruit and vegetables a day. Potatoes, sweet potatoes, cassava and other starchy roots are not classified as fruits or vegetables;

    Less than 10% of total energy from free sugars equivalent to 50g (or around 12 level teaspoons), but possibly less than 5% of total energy for additional health benefits. Most free sugars are added to foods by the manufacturer, cook or consumer, and can also be found in sugars naturally present in honey, syrups, fruit juices and fruit juice concentrates;

    Less than 30% of total energy from fat. Unsaturated fats (e.g. found in fish, avocado, nuts, sunflower, canola and olive oils) are preferable to saturated fats (e.g. found in fatty meat, butter, palm and coconut oil, cream, cheese, ghee and lard). Industrial trans fats (found in processed food, fast food, snack food, fried food, frozen pizza, pies, cookies, margarines and spreads) are not part of a healthy diet;

    Less than 5 g of salt (equivalent to approximately one teaspoon) per day and use iodised salt.

Infants and young children

In the first 2 years of a child’s life, optimal nutrition reduces the risk of dying and of developing NCDs. It also fosters better development and healthy growth and development overall.

Advice on a healthy diet for infants and children is similar to that for adults but these elements are also important.

• Infants should be breastfed exclusively for the first 6 months of life.
• Infants should be continuously breastfed until 2 years and beyond.
• From 6 months of age, breast milk should be complemented with a variety of adequate, safe and nutrient dense complementary foods. Salt and sugars should not be added to complementary foods.

KEY FACTS

• A healthy diet helps protect against malnutrition in all its forms, as well as noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including obesity, diabetes, heart disease, stroke and cancer.
• Unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity are leading global risks to health.
• Healthy dietary practices start early in life – breastfeeding may have longer-term benefits, like reducing the risk of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence.
• Energy intake (calories) should balance energy expenditure. Evidence indicates that total fat should not exceed 30% of total energy intake to avoid unhealthy weight gain, with a shift in fat consumption away from saturated fats to unsaturated fats, and towards the elimination of industrial trans fats.
• Limiting intake of free sugars to less than 10% of total energy is part of a healthy diet. A further reduction to less than 5% of total energy is suggested for additional health benefits.
• Keeping salt intake to less than 5 g per day helps prevent hypertension and reduces the risk of heart disease and stroke in adult population.
• WHO Member States have agreed to reduce the global population’s intake of salt by 30% and halt the rise in diabetes and obesity by 2025.

Source: World Health Organisation

A peptide and hormone that reduces the urge to eat when administered to a specific area of the brain could be the target for developing medications to treat obesity and binge eating disorder, says a research. (Therewith you can control obesity by playing football).

When pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), a peptide and hormone produced by neurons, was administered in a specific area of the brain called the "central amygdala", it reduced the intake of food and led to weight loss, the researchers said.

"The PACAP system may hypothetically be the target of medications to treat not only obesity but also binge-eating, a disease characterized by excessive, uncontrollable consumption of food within brief periods of time," said co-author Pietro Cottone, associate professor at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM).

According to the researchers, PACAP is known for its food intake and body weight effects in the hypothalamus (the area of the brain known for controlling appetite).

However, this is the first report of PACAP effects in the amygdala, a region of the brain outside the hypothalamus, involved in fear and emotional component of eating.

The study was conducted on male rats.

"We found that amygdalar PACAP reduces the amount of food eaten within meals, but not how many meals are consumed," said Valentina Sabino, assistant professor of pharmacology and psychiatry at BUSM.

"In addition, we found that PACAP reduced the rate of intake of food. This means that, following administration of PACAP, models were eating more slowly," Sabino added.

The study appeared in the journal Neuropsychopharmacology.

Even having as few as one or two family meals a week during adolescence may protect your kids from being obese when they turn into adults, says a study.

Researchers believe that coming together for meals may provide opportunities for emotional connections among family members, the food is more likely to be healthy and adolescents may be exposed to the parental model of healthy eating behaviour.

"Informing parents that even having one or two family meals per week may protect their child from being overweight or obese in young adulthood would be important," said co-researcher Jerica Berge from the University of Minnesota in the US.

For Project EAT (Eating and Activity among Teens), the researchers used data from a 10-year longitudinal study (2,287 participants), to examine weight-related variables (dietary intake, physical activity and weight control behaviour) among adolescents.

Among adolescents who reported that they never ate family meals together, 60 percent were overweight and 29 percent were obese at the 10-year follow-up.

Overall, even having as few as one or two family meals a week during adolescence were significantly associated with reduced odds of being overweight or obese at the 10-year follow-up compared with those reporting never having had family meals during adolescence.

The study is forthcoming in the Journal of Paediatrics.

The more portions of fruits and vegetables you take in a day, the better are your chances of improving mental well-being along with your physical health, says a study.

"The data suggest that higher an individual's fruit and vegetable intake the lower the chance of their having low mental well-being," said lead author of the study Saverio Stranges from the University of Warwick in Britain.

The research involved 14,000 participants in Britain aged 16 or over, 56 percent of them females and 44 percent males, as part of the Health Survey for England.

They found that 33.5 percent of respondents with high mental well-being ate five or more portions of fruit and vegetables a day, compared with only 6.8 percent who ate less than one portion.

While 31.4 percent of those with high mental well-being ate three-four portions and 28.4 percent ate one-two.

"These novel findings suggest that fruit and vegetable intake may play a potential role as a driver, not just of physical, but also of mental well-being in the general population," Stranges added.

Low mental well-being is strongly linked to mental illness and mental health problems, but high mental well-being is more than the absence of symptoms or illness; it is a state in which people feel good and function well.

Optimism, happiness, self-esteem, resilience and good relationships are all part of this state.

Mental well-being is important not just to protect people from mental illness but because it protects people against common and serious physical diseases.

Mental well-being was assessed using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS).

The study appeared in the journal BMJ Open.

Most people who notice their memory slipping may actually go on to develop Alzheimer's, say a study.

Self-reported memory complaints are strong predictors of clinical memory impairment later in life, the findings showed.

Alzheimer's is the most common type of dementia.

"What's notable about our study is the time it took for the transition from self-reported memory complaint to dementia or clinical impairment - about 12 years for dementia and nine years for clinical impairment - after the memory complaints began," said Richard Kryscio from University of Kentucky in the US.

"That suggests that there may be a significant window of opportunity for intervention before a diagnosable problem shows up," Kryscio added.

For the study, the researchers asked 531 people with an average age of 73 years and free of dementia whether they had noticed any changes in their memory in the prior year.

During the study, 56 percent of the participants reported changes in their memory, at an average age of 82.

The study found that participants who reported changes in their memory were nearly three times more likely to develop memory and thinking problems.

About one in six participants developed dementia during the study, and 80 percent of those first reported memory changes.

The study appeared in the journal Neurology.

In a ray of hope for people suffering from autism, researchers have discovered neuron populations in a region of the mouse brain that controls whether the animal engages in social behavior or asocial repetitive self-grooming behavior.

Autism has also been linked to dysfunction of the amygdale, a brain structure involved in processing emotions.

Humans with autism often show a reduced frequency of social interactions and an increased tendency to engage in repetitive solitary behavior.

Lead researcher David J Anderson, a Biology professor at the California Institute of Technology and his colleagues discovered two intermingled but distinct population of neurons in the amygdale.

One "social neurons" population promotes social behaviour such as mating, fighting or social grooming while the other "self-grooming neurons" population controls repetitive self-grooming - an asocial behavior.

To study the relationship between these two cell types and their associated behavior, researchers used a technique called ontogenetic.

Anderson's team was able to selectively switch on the neurons associated with social behavior and those linked with a social behavior.

"Surprisingly, these two groups of neurons appear to interfere with each other's functioned: the activation of 'social neurons' inhibits self-grooming behavior while the activation of 'self-grooming neurons' inhibits social behavior," Anderson noted.

In autism, there is a decrease in social interactions and there is often an increase in repetitive, sometimes asocial or self-oriented behavior - a phenomenon known as perseveration.

"By stimulating a particular set of neurons, we are both inhibiting social interactions and promoting these persistent behaviors," Anderson said.

If we find the right population of neurons, it might be possible to override the genetic component of a behavioral disorder like autism by just changing the activity of the brain circuits, concluded the study that was reported in the journal Cell.